Introduction
Abnormal uterine bleeding means bleeding from the uterus that is not part of a normal period. This can worry many women. Understanding abnormal uterine bleeding causes is important for your health. Sometimes, it signals a simple problem. Other times, it may point to a serious issue. Knowing the reasons for abnormal uterine bleeding helps you decide when to seek help.
What Is Abnormal Uterine Bleeding?
Abnormal uterine bleeding is any bleeding that is different from your usual period. For example, it may happen between periods, last longer, or be heavier than normal. Sometimes, it can even occur after menopause. Because periods can change with age, it is important to notice any unusual patterns. If you are unsure, tracking your cycle can help.
Common Symptoms
Many women notice changes in their periods. However, some signs may need attention. Watch for these symptoms:
Bleeding between periods
Very heavy periods (soaking through pads or tampons quickly)
Periods lasting longer than seven days
Bleeding after sex
Spotting after menopause
Passing large blood clots
Although some changes are normal, these symptoms may signal abnormal periods causes. If you notice them, consider talking to your doctor.
Main Causes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
There are many reasons for abnormal uterine bleeding. Some are simple, while others need medical care. Here are the main causes:
Hormonal imbalances: Changes in hormones can affect your period. This is common in teenagers and women near menopause. Stress, weight changes, or thyroid problems can also play a role.
Fibroids: These are non-cancerous growths in the uterus. They can cause heavy or long periods.
Polyps: Small growths on the lining of the uterus may lead to spotting or bleeding between periods.
Medical conditions: Problems like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), bleeding disorders, or infections can cause abnormal bleeding.
Medications: Some medicines, such as blood thinners or birth control, may change your bleeding pattern.
Sometimes, cancer of the uterus or cervix can also cause abnormal bleeding. However, this is less common. Still, it is important to rule out serious causes.
Diagnosis Methods
Doctors use several ways to find out why abnormal uterine bleeding happens. First, they ask about your medical history and period patterns. Next, they may do a physical exam. In addition, your doctor might suggest:
Blood tests to check for anemia or hormone levels
Ultrasound to look at the uterus and ovaries
Biopsy to test the lining of the uterus
Pap smear to check for cervical problems
These tests help find the exact cause. Early diagnosis can lead to better treatment.
When to See a Doctor
Sometimes, abnormal bleeding is not serious. However, you should see a doctor if:
You bleed between periods often
Your periods are very heavy or last longer than usual
You have bleeding after sex or after menopause
You feel weak, dizzy, or tired
Because some causes can be serious, do not ignore these signs. Early care can prevent problems.
Prevention and Lifestyle Tips
While not all causes can be prevented, some steps may help. For example:
Maintain a healthy weight
Manage stress with relaxation techniques
Eat a balanced diet rich in iron
Take medicines as prescribed
Track your periods to notice changes early
In addition, regular check-ups can catch problems sooner. If you have risk factors, talk to your doctor about ways to lower them.
Conclusion
Abnormal uterine bleeding can have many causes. Some are simple, while others need medical care. If you notice unusual bleeding, do not wait. Consult a specialist for personalized guidance.